Xanthorrhoea

Xanthorrhoea species, iconic to Australia, are known for their extraordinary form - a thick, woody trunk crowned with a dense tuft of grass-like foliage. The common name, Grass Tree, is derived from their grass-like leaves, and their remarkable ability to survive fires. They are not only a striking sculptural element in the landscape but are also of cultural significance to Indigenous Australians.

Common Name: Grass Tree
Mature Height: Depending on the species, can range from 1 to 6 meters in height, with very slow growth rates.
Mature Width: The leaf crown can spread 1-3 meters across.
Spacing: Plant at least 2-3 meters apart from other plants, as they need space to accommodate the spread of their foliage.
Foliage: Long, linear, grass-like leaves that form a skirt around the trunk.
Flowering Period: When mature, they produce a spectacular flower spike that can be up to 2 meters in height, with white to creamy flowers that attract nectar-feeding birds and insects.
Form/Habit: A singular trunk with a tufted head of grass-like foliage. The trunk is often blackened by bushfires, hence the name Blackboy.
Uses: Used as a feature plant in gardens and landscaping, their dramatic appearance is a highlight in native and xeriscape gardens.
Evergreen/Deciduous: Evergreen, providing year-round interest.
Tolerates: Very tolerant of poor soils, drought, and fire.
Drought Hardy: Extremely drought-resistant once established.
Sun: Prefers full sun but can tolerate light shade.
Maintenance: Very low; requires minimal pruning and care once established.

Additional Information

• Soil Preferences: Thrives in well-drained, sandy or gravelly soils. Avoid soils that retain moisture.
• Watering Needs: Water sparingly; too much water, especially in poorly drained soils, can lead to root rot.
• Wildlife Attraction: Flowers attract a host of wildlife, including bees, butterflies, and birds.
• Propagation: Generally propagated from seed but can be slow and requires patience. Division of clumps is possible but can be difficult and should be done by experts.
• Pests/Diseases: Resistant to most pests and diseases. Root rot can be a problem if the soil is not well-drained or if overwatered.
• Landscape Design Tips: Plant as a standalone feature or amongst low-lying shrubs to create a varied height landscape. They can also be used effectively in rockeries.